A Fair and Lightweight Consensus Algorithm for IoT

As hyperconnected devices and decentralized data architectures expand, securing IoT transactions becomes increasingly challenging. Blockchain offers a promising solution, but its effectiveness relies on the underlying consensus algorithm. Traditional mechanisms like PoW and PoS are often impractical for resource-constrained IoT environments. To address these limitations, this work introduces a fair and lightweight hybrid consensus algorithm tailored for IoT. The proposed approach minimizes resource demands on the nodes while ensuring a secure and fair agreement process. Specifically, it leverages a distributed lottery mechanism to fairly propose blocks without requiring specialized hardware. In addition, a reputation-based block voting mechanism is incorporated to enhance trust and establish finality. Finally, experimental evaluation was conducted to validate the key features of the consensus algorithm.