A hydro-geomechanical porous-media model to study effects of engineered carbonate precipitation in faults

Hydro-geomechanical models are required to predict or understand the impact of subsurface engineering applications as, for example, in gas storage in geological formations. This study puts a focus on engineered carbonate precipitation through biomineralization in a fault zone of a cap-rock to reduce gas leakage from a reservoir. Besides hydraulic properties like porosity and permeability, precipitated carbonates also change the mechanical properties of the rock. We present a conceptual modeling approach implemented into the open-source simulator Dumux and, after verification examples, at hand of a CO2-storage scenario, we discuss impacts of biomineralization on the stress distribution in the rock and potentially altered risks of fault reactivations and induced seismic events. The generic study shows the tendency towards increased stiffness due to precipitated carbonate, which may cause shear failure events to occur earlier than in an untreated setup, while the magnitude of the seismicity is smaller.