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Predictive reinforcement learning based adaptive PID controller

Published: June 10, 2025 | arXiv ID: 2506.08509v1

By: Chaoqun Ma, Zhiyong Zhang

Potential Business Impact:

Makes wobbly machines move smoothly and accurately.

Business Areas:
Embedded Systems Hardware, Science and Engineering, Software

Purpose: This study aims to address the challenges of controlling unstable and nonlinear systems by proposing an adaptive PID controller based on predictive reinforcement learning (PRL-PID), where the PRL-PID combines the advantages of both data-driven and model-driven approaches. Design/methodology/approach: A predictive reinforcement learning framework is introduced, incorporating action smooth strategy to suppress overshoot and oscillations, and a hierarchical reward function to support training. Findings: Experimental results show that the PRL-PID controller achieves superior stability and tracking accuracy in nonlinear, unstable, and strongly coupled systems, consistently outperforming existing RL-tuned PID methods while maintaining excellent robustness and adaptability across diverse operating conditions. Originality/Value: By adopting predictive learning, the proposed PRL-PID integrates system model priors into data-driven control, enhancing both the control framework's training efficiency and the controller's stability. As a result, PRL-PID provides a balanced blend of model-based and data-driven approaches, delivering robust, high-performance control.

Page Count
23 pages

Category
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science:
Systems and Control