Sharp estimates of quantum covering problems via a novel trace inequality

In this paper, we prove a novel trace inequality involving two operators. As applications, we sharpen the one-shot achievability bound on the relative entropy error in a wealth of quantum covering-type problems, such as soft covering, privacy amplification, convex splitting, quantum information decoupling, and quantum channel simulation by removing some dimension-dependent factors. Moreover, the established one-shot bounds extend to infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert spaces as well. The proof techniques are based on the recently developed operator layer cake theorem and an operator change-of-variable argument, which are of independent interest.