Orchestrating the Implementation of the Smart City

This chapter explores the six core dimensions of smart cities (i.e. smart economy, mobility, environment, people, living, and governance) emphasizing their interdependence and the need for holistic orchestration. Building on Giffinger et al. (2007) and subsequent literature, it argues that integrating these dimensions is crucial for sustainable urban development. ICT plays a key enabling role but must be complemented by human and social capital. Through institutional examples, such as the creation of dedicated municipal offices for digital innovation, the chapter illustrates how governance and internal capacity shape smart transitions. A human-centric approach is also essential, ensuring inclusivity, creativity, and active civic participation. Ultimately, smart cities must be viewed as cohesive urban ecosystems where technology, people, and governance interact dynamically.