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Cluster and then Embed: A Modular Approach for Visualization

Published: August 27, 2025 | arXiv ID: 2509.03373v1

By: Elizabeth Coda, Ery Arias-Castro, Gal Mishne

Potential Business Impact:

Shows data groups clearly, without messing up the big picture.

Business Areas:
Data Visualization Data and Analytics, Design, Information Technology, Software

Dimensionality reduction methods such as t-SNE and UMAP are popular methods for visualizing data with a potential (latent) clustered structure. They are known to group data points at the same time as they embed them, resulting in visualizations with well-separated clusters that preserve local information well. However, t-SNE and UMAP also tend to distort the global geometry of the underlying data. We propose a more transparent, modular approach consisting of first clustering the data, then embedding each cluster, and finally aligning the clusters to obtain a global embedding. We demonstrate this approach on several synthetic and real-world datasets and show that it is competitive with existing methods, while being much more transparent.

Repos / Data Links

Page Count
26 pages

Category
Computer Science:
Machine Learning (CS)