Score: 0

Evaluating LLM-Generated Versus Human-Authored Responses in Role-Play Dialogues

Published: September 22, 2025 | arXiv ID: 2509.17694v1

By: Dongxu Lu, Johan Jeuring, Albert Gatt

Potential Business Impact:

Computers get worse at talking over time.

Business Areas:
Natural Language Processing Artificial Intelligence, Data and Analytics, Software

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) in long-form, knowledge-grounded role-play dialogues remains challenging. This study compares LLM-generated and human-authored responses in multi-turn professional training simulations through human evaluation ($N=38$) and automated LLM-as-a-judge assessment. Human evaluation revealed significant degradation in LLM-generated response quality across turns, particularly in naturalness, context maintenance and overall quality, while human-authored responses progressively improved. In line with this finding, participants also indicated a consistent preference for human-authored dialogue. These human judgements were validated by our automated LLM-as-a-judge evaluation, where Gemini 2.0 Flash achieved strong alignment with human evaluators on both zero-shot pairwise preference and stochastic 6-shot construct ratings, confirming the widening quality gap between LLM and human responses over time. Our work contributes a multi-turn benchmark exposing LLM degradation in knowledge-grounded role-play dialogues and provides a validated hybrid evaluation framework to guide the reliable integration of LLMs in training simulations.

Country of Origin
🇳🇱 Netherlands

Page Count
21 pages

Category
Computer Science:
Computation and Language