Identifying Best Candidates for Busbar Splitting

Rising electricity demand and the growing integration of renewables are intensifying congestion in transmission grids. Grid topology optimization through busbar splitting (BuS) and optimal transmission switching can alleviate grid congestion and reduce the generation costs in a power system. However, BuS optimization requires a large number of binary variables, and analyzing all the substations for potential new topological actions is computationally intractable, particularly in large grids. To tackle this issue, we propose a set of metrics to identify and rank promising candidates for BuS, focusing on finding buses where topology optimization can reduce generation costs. To assess the effect of BuS on the identified buses, we use a combined mixed-integer convex-quadratic BuS model to compute the optimal topology and test it with the non-linear non-convex AC optimal power flow (OPF) simulation to show its AC feasibility. By testing and validating the proposed metrics on test cases of different sizes, we show that they are able to identify busbars that reduce the total generation costs when their topology is optimized. Thus, the metrics enable effective selection of busbars for BuS, with no need to test every busbar in the grid, one at a time.