Score: 2

Collective Communication for 100k+ GPUs

Published: October 23, 2025 | arXiv ID: 2510.20171v1

By: Min Si , Pavan Balaji , Yongzhou Chen and more

Potential Business Impact:

Makes giant AI models train and run faster.

Business Areas:
Crowdsourcing Collaboration

The increasing scale of large language models (LLMs) necessitates highly efficient collective communication frameworks, particularly as training workloads extend to hundreds of thousands of GPUs. Traditional communication methods face significant throughput and latency limitations at this scale, hindering both the development and deployment of state-of-the-art models. This paper presents the NCCLX collective communication framework, developed at Meta, engineered to optimize performance across the full LLM lifecycle, from the synchronous demands of large-scale training to the low-latency requirements of inference. The framework is designed to support complex workloads on clusters exceeding 100,000 GPUs, ensuring reliable, high-throughput, and low-latency data exchange. Empirical evaluation on the Llama4 model demonstrates substantial improvements in communication efficiency. This research contributes a robust solution for enabling the next generation of LLMs to operate at unprecedented scales.

Repos / Data Links

Page Count
35 pages

Category
Computer Science:
Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing