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Cyclic Counterfactuals under Shift-Scale Interventions

Published: October 28, 2025 | arXiv ID: 2510.25005v1

By: Saptarshi Saha, Dhruv Vansraj Rathore, Utpal Garain

Potential Business Impact:

Helps understand cause and effect in systems with loops.

Business Areas:
Simulation Software

Most counterfactual inference frameworks traditionally assume acyclic structural causal models (SCMs), i.e. directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). However, many real-world systems (e.g. biological systems) contain feedback loops or cyclic dependencies that violate acyclicity. In this work, we study counterfactual inference in cyclic SCMs under shift-scale interventions, i.e., soft, policy-style changes that rescale and/or shift a variable's mechanism.

Country of Origin
🇮🇳 India

Page Count
13 pages

Category
Computer Science:
Artificial Intelligence