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On Convergence Rates of Spiked Eigenvalue Estimates: A General Study of Global and Local Laws in Sample Covariance Matrices

Published: November 4, 2025 | arXiv ID: 2511.02456v1

By: Bing-Yi Jing , Weiming Li , Jiahui Xie and more

Potential Business Impact:

Finds patterns in data with changing sizes.

Business Areas:
A/B Testing Data and Analytics

This paper investigates global and local laws for sample covariance matrices with general growth rates of dimensions. The sample size $N$ and population dimension $M$ can have the same order in logarithm, which implies that their ratio $M/N$ can approach zero, a constant, or infinity. These theories are utilized to determine the convergence rate of spiked eigenvalue estimates.

Page Count
38 pages

Category
Mathematics:
Statistics Theory