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Boolean function monotonicity testing requires (almost) $n^{1/2}$ queries

Published: November 6, 2025 | arXiv ID: 2511.04558v2

By: Mark Chen , Xi Chen , Hao Cui and more

Potential Business Impact:

Finds if a computer program is always fair.

Business Areas:
A/B Testing Data and Analytics

We show that for any constant $c>0$, any (two-sided error) adaptive algorithm for testing monotonicity of Boolean functions must have query complexity $\Omega(n^{1/2-c})$. This improves the $\tilde\Omega(n^{1/3})$ lower bound of [CWX17] and almost matches the $\tilde{O}(\sqrt{n})$ upper bound of [KMS18].

Country of Origin
🇺🇸 United States

Page Count
51 pages

Category
Computer Science:
Computational Complexity